Εε Epsilon The name of the letter was originally εἶ (Ancient Greek: [êː]) later changed to ἒ ψιλόν

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Epsilon

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From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Not to be confused with Upsilon.

This article is about the Greek letter. For other uses, see Epsilon (disambiguation) and E (disambiguation).

Greek alphabet
Αα Alpha Νν Nu Ββ Beta Ξξ Xi Γγ Gamma Οο Omicron Δδ Delta Ππ Pi Εε Epsilon Ρρ Rho Ζζ Zeta Σσς Sigma Ηη Eta Ττ Tau Θθ Theta Υυ Upsilon Ιι Iota Φφ Phi Κκ Kappa Χχ Chi Λλ Lambda Ψψ Psi Μμ Mu Ωω Omega
History
Archaic local variants Ϝ Ͱ Ϻ Ϙ Ͳ Ͷ Diacritics Ligatures Numerals ϛ (6) ϟ (90) ϡ (900)
Use in other languages
Bactrian Coptic Albanian
Related topics
Use as scientific symbols
Category
v t e

Epsilon (/ˈɛpsɪlɒn/,^[1] UK also /ɛpˈsaɪlən/;^[2] uppercase Ε, lowercase ε or lunate ϵ; Greek: έψιλον) is the fifth letter of the Greek alphabet, corresponding phonetically to a mid front unrounded vowel IPA: [e̞] or IPA: [ɛ̝]. In the system of Greek numerals it also has the value five. It was derived from the Phoenician letter He . Letters that arose from epsilon include the Roman E, Ë and Ɛ, and Cyrillic Е, È, Ё, Є and Э.

The name of the letter was originally εἶ (Ancient Greek: [êː]), but it was later changed to ἒ ψιλόν (e psilon 'simple e') in the Middle Ages to distinguish the letter from the digraph αι, a former diphthong that had come to be pronounced the same as epsilon.

The uppercase form of epsilon is identical to Latin E but has its own code point in Unicode: U+0395 Ε GREEK CAPITAL LETTER EPSILON. The lowercase version has two typographical variants, both inherited from medieval Greek handwriting. One, the most common in modern typography and inherited from medieval minuscule, looks like a reversed number "3" and is encoded U+03B5 ε GREEK SMALL LETTER EPSILON. The other, also known as lunate or uncial epsilon and inherited from earlier uncial writing,^[3][4] looks like a semicircle crossed by a horizontal bar: it is encoded U+03F5 ϵ GREEK LUNATE EPSILON SYMBOL. While in normal typography these are just alternative font variants, they may have different meanings as mathematical symbols: computer systems therefore offer distinct encodings for them.^[3] In TeX, \epsilon ( ${\displaystyle �}$ ) denotes the lunate form, while \varepsilon ( ${\displaystyle �}$ ) denotes the reversed-3 form. Unicode versions 2.0.0 and onwards use ɛ as the lowercase Greek epsilon letter,^[5] but in version 1.0.0, ϵ was used.^[6] The lunate or uncial epsilon provided inspiration for the euro sign, €.^[7]

There is also a 'Latin epsilon', ɛ or "open e", which looks similar to the Greek lowercase epsilon. It is encoded in Unicode as U+025B ɛ LATIN SMALL LETTER OPEN E and U+0190 Ɛ LATIN CAPITAL LETTER OPEN E and is used as an IPA phonetic symbol. This Latin uppercase epsilon, Ɛ, is not to be confused with the Greek uppercase Σ (sigma)

The lunate epsilon, ϵ, is not to be confused with the set membership symbol ∈. The symbol \in, first used in set theory and logic by Giuseppe Peano and now used in mathematics in general for set membership ("belongs to") evolved from the letter epsilon, since the symbol was originally used as an abbreviation for the Latin word est. In addition, mathematicians often read the symbol ∈ as "element of", as in "1 is an element of the natural numbers" for 1\in\N, for example. As late as 1960, ε itself was used for set membership, while its negation "does not belong to" (now ∉) was denoted by ε' (epsilon prime).^[8] Only gradually did a fully separate, stylized symbol take the place of epsilon in this role. In a related context, Peano also introduced the use of a backwards epsilon, ϶, for the phrase "such that", although the abbreviation s.t. is occasionally used in place of ϶ in informal cardinals.

History[edit]

Origin[edit]

The letter Ε was adopted from the Phoenician letter He () when Greeks first adopted alphabetic writing. In archaic Greek writing, its shape is often still identical to that of the Phoenician letter. Like other Greek letters, it could face either leftward or rightward (), depending on the current writing direction, but, just as in Phoenician, the horizontal bars always faced in the direction of writing. Archaic writing often preserves the Phoenician form with a vertical stem extending slightly below the lowest horizontal bar. In the classical era, through the influence of more cursive writing styles, the shape was simplified to the current E glyph.^[9]

When it looks like a duck and it quacks like a duck and water rolls off its back like water floats ducks in the water and in the air the 8,000000000 or so folk calling things things tend to call it a duck and there is not a lot of argument in bars resulting in the authorities having to be called even if those authorities are friends of the converse ants but this is another chapter in that story for today when when it looks like light and it sounds like light and it works bothe  face either leftward or rightward () wieghs it seems to be lightly the likely case that this is a represent

ation ative ed ion er well you get the idea an idea in a picture of what the poor 

old people who didn't have AI to help them think had to think about while looking up at the one consistent thing that they all pretty much experienced in pretty much the same way and had pretty much as much exposure to as the person next to them which is simply no longer the short distance between two ideas ideating into each others ideation where the ion eats the id if hungry with stomach growling so put some juice in the battery juice bag and let the munching begin

Musical nterludei

nterludei here is the thing as the things tend to go these days which are not wave different in a wave like world

given the cifculaf idea of a wave being a function of a circle moving in a circular motion which in the witch and the watch sort of clock wise way is always a circle broken up to make the there it is again the good old it more it able as in vit able and the follolary visi ball

as all balls must be vised to be seen with a glean in the eye of the fancy old fancier

fancier ideas than the fancier fancies for the price paid to hear the idea Regal or no when gold is a glow...:..

Above as below and so the verse of verses begins to flow with the sun in tow here we go to tomorrow at  63360000 inches per 3600th of a circular circle circled in on all sides by three more circular ideas woven of whole cloth when read from the book written by itself out of the one from the sun added into the you of ness to become the mess that that guy dreamed up when coffee in a cup was a luxury for he and the price was free while others else where sat in a chair and drank fine gin cigar ash pound win while other others yet never did get to see the apparent sum of the efforts of the sun the next rolling day as the dew on the hay becomes the cloud to the sun a line run and run by water walking home as rays run past gasping for grass the younger idea of one now older under the sun when the moon seems thin within the angle of incidents at Nashbar the way to go is to put on a show and see without the wink and the pout the spout of out that the book puts out so here we go to the moon you know